Microdosing studies allow clinical investigation of pharmacokinetics earlier in drug development, before all high-dose safety concerns have been sorted out. Furthermore, microdosing allows inclusion of target groups that are inadmissible in high-dose phase I trials. A potential concern when considering a microdosing study is that a particular drug candidate may display non-linear pharmacokinetics. Saturation of, for example, membrane transport or metabolism at exposure levels between the microdose and therapeutic dose may limit the predictivity of high-dose pharmacokinetics from microdose observations. Guidance on the likelihood of appreciable non-linear pharmacokinetics based on preclinical information can be helpful in staging the clinical phase and the place of microdosing in it. We present a decision tree that evaluates concerns about non-linearities raised in the preclinical phase and their potential impact on the proportionality between microdose and intended therapeutic dose as predicted from preclinical information. The expected maximum concentrations at relevant sites are estimated by non-compartmental methods.

 

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