The emergence and rapid worldwide spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has led to an ongoing health crisis of global dimensions. Various molecular mechanisms within the bacterial DNA including mutations and gene acquisitions may confer resistance and even though such genetic alterations most probably occur even without the evolutionary pressure of antibiotics, the rapid increase in antibiotic resistance rates in many countries has been indisputably linked to their use and mostly to their misuse. Indeed, antibiotic resistance occurs naturally as bacteria evolve in the presence of antibiotics and it seems very unlikely to be definitely addressed. Therefore, novel antibiotics will always be needed to keep up with resistant strains. Unfortunately however, antibiotic drug discovery has become too slow in the last decade especially against Gram-negative pathogens where a reliable alternative to carbapenems is still needed. Pharmaceutical companies are facing serious difficulties related to the research, development and license of new antibiotics augmenting obviously the amount of money they have to invest in this field while their probable future benefit by the infectious diseases sector cannot be compared to that expected by other areas such as cancer and diabetes. Anyway, and despite the obstacles, it is not risky to predict what would happen if a novel, safe and effective antibiotic against pan-drug-resistant bacteria could reach the market today. It would be reasonable that in this hypothetic situation the new compound should be kept locked in hospitals and prescribed with caution only where other antibiotics are ineffective. This clinically correct behavior however will limit the drug's sales and is completely opposed to the logic of a significant financial investment. The pharmaceutical company will try to promote its product based on its effectiveness and experience shows that overuse will variously occur in different geographic areas since many countries have limited capacity for antibiotic stewardship and poor sales regulations. This way resistance will inevitably emerge in some part of the world from which it can be spread if not tackled in time and due to the different country rules, prediction and prevention in this stage seem to be very difficult. Meanwhile, the cost of multi-drug-resistance in human lives and public funds nowadays is enormous. In the 2013 CDC report on antibiotic resistance threats in the USA it was published that in that country only, 23 000 deaths annually were attributed to MDR bacterial infections while the cost for the health care system was $20 billion plus an estimated $35 billion in lost productivity [1]. It is clear that countries lose human resources and money and should not expect the solution to the problem only by private companies that rightly have to consider first the economic parameter. National governments need to take initiatives for the sake of their citizens but also for preventing their continued economic bleeding due to the existence of untreatable infectious diseases. Given the overall situation, someone has to invest in antibiotic drug discovery without expecting to be paid back in cash.